Bengal gram, also known as chickpea or Cicer arietinum, is a type of legume widely cultivated for its nutritious seeds. It is a staple in many diets around the world, particularly in India, where it is used in various dishes such as dal and hummus. Bengal gram is rich in protein, fiber, and essential vitamins, making it a popular choice for vegetarians and vegans. The seeds of Bengal gram can be found in two main varieties: desi, which are small and dark, and kabuli, which are larger and lighter in color. They can be consumed whole, split, or ground into flour, known as besan. This versatile legume is not only valued for its nutritional benefits but also plays a significant role in sustainable agriculture by improving soil health.