Ramses II, also known as Ramses the Great, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled from 1279 to 1213 BCE. He is often regarded as one of Egypt's most powerful and influential rulers. His reign lasted 66 years, during which he led numerous military campaigns and expanded Egypt's territory, particularly in Nubia and Syria. Ramses II is famous for his monumental building projects, including the temples at Abu Simbel and the Ramesseum in Thebes. He is also known for signing the first recorded peace treaty in history with the Hittites after the Battle of Kadesh. His legacy continues to be celebrated for its cultural and architectural achievements.