Thebes was an ancient city located in Greece, known for its significant role in Greek mythology and history. It was the birthplace of famous figures such as Hercules and Oedipus. The city was a powerful rival to Athens and Sparta during the classical period, particularly noted for its military strength and leadership in the Boeotian League. In addition to its military prowess, Thebes was also famous for its cultural contributions, including the Seven Against Thebes play by Aeschylus. The city was home to the Cadmea, a citadel that served as a center of political and military power. Thebes' influence declined after its defeat by Macedonia in the 4th century