Ramses, often referred to as Ramses II, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the Nineteenth Dynasty from 1279 to 1213 BCE. He is known for his military leadership, extensive building projects, and the signing of the first known peace treaty with the Hittites. His reign is often considered the height of ancient Egyptian civilization. Ramses II is famous for monumental structures, including the Abu Simbel temples and the Ramesseum, his mortuary temple. He was also a prolific builder, commissioning numerous statues and temples throughout Egypt. His legacy is marked by his long reign and significant contributions to Egyptian culture and architecture.