Charles III of Naples was born on February 20, 1716, and became the King of Naples and Sicily in 1734. He was a member of the Bourbon dynasty and played a significant role in the political landscape of southern Italy during the 18th century. His reign was marked by efforts to modernize the kingdom and improve its economy. In 1759, Charles III ascended to the Spanish throne as Charles IV of Spain, leaving his son, Ferdinand IV, to rule Naples. His legacy includes the promotion of arts and culture, as well as the establishment of important institutions that contributed to the development of the region.