Alpha Thalassemia is a blood disorder caused by a deficiency in the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. This condition occurs when one or more of the four alpha globin genes are mutated or missing, leading to reduced hemoglobin levels. Symptoms can range from mild anemia to severe complications, depending on the number of affected genes. There are two main types of Alpha Thalassemia: Alpha Thalassemia Trait, which usually causes mild symptoms, and Hemoglobin H Disease or Alpha Thalassemia Major, which can lead to more serious health issues. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, and treatment may include regular monitoring, blood transfusions, or other supportive care.