Alpha Thalassemia Major is a severe blood disorder caused by a genetic mutation that affects the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Individuals with this condition typically inherit two defective genes from each parent, leading to a significant reduction in alpha globin production. This results in severe anemia, which can cause fatigue, weakness, and other health complications. Diagnosis usually occurs through blood tests that measure hemoglobin levels and identify abnormal types of hemoglobin. Treatment options may include regular blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy to prevent iron overload, and in some cases, bone marrow or stem cell transplants. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for improving quality of life.