Thin-film technology involves the deposition of very thin layers of material, often just a few nanometers to micrometers thick, onto a substrate. This technique is widely used in various applications, including electronics, optics, and solar cells. The thin films can enhance the performance of devices by improving conductivity, reducing weight, and providing specific optical properties. One common application of thin-film technology is in the production of solar panels, where thin layers of photovoltaic materials convert sunlight into electricity. Additionally, it is used in the manufacturing of semiconductors and optical coatings, which improve the efficiency and functionality of electronic devices and lenses.