Optical coatings are thin layers of material applied to the surface of lenses, mirrors, and other optical components. These coatings enhance the performance of optical devices by improving light transmission, reducing reflections, and protecting surfaces from scratches and environmental damage. Common types of coatings include anti-reflective coatings and reflective coatings. The application of optical coatings is crucial in various fields, including photography, telecommunications, and scientific instruments. By manipulating how light interacts with surfaces, these coatings help achieve clearer images and more efficient light management in devices like cameras, telescopes, and fiber optic cables.