Mineralogy is the branch of science that focuses on the study of minerals, which are naturally occurring, inorganic solids with a specific chemical composition and crystal structure. This field helps us understand how minerals form, their properties, and how they interact with the environment. Mineralogists often examine minerals using tools like microscopes and X-ray diffraction to identify their characteristics. In addition to studying individual minerals, mineralogy also explores how these substances are distributed in the Earth's crust and their role in various geological processes. Understanding mineralogy is essential for fields like geology, environmental science, and even engineering, as minerals are vital resources for many industries.