Geochemistry is the study of the chemical composition and processes of the Earth and other planetary bodies. It combines principles from chemistry, geology, and physics to understand how elements and compounds interact within the Earth's crust, atmosphere, and oceans. This field plays a crucial role in resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and understanding geological phenomena. By analyzing the distribution of elements and isotopes, geochemists can uncover the history of geological formations and the processes that shaped them. Techniques such as mass spectrometry and chromatography are commonly used to investigate the chemical makeup of rocks, minerals, and fluids, providing insights into the Earth's past and present.