Triticum aestivum, commonly known as wheat, is a cereal grain that is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the world. It belongs to the grass family and is primarily grown for its seeds, which are ground into flour for baking and cooking. Wheat is a staple food in many cultures and is used to make bread, pasta, and various other products. Wheat is classified into different types based on its hardness, color, and growing season. The main types include hard red wheat, soft red wheat, hard white wheat, and durum wheat. Each type has unique properties that make it suitable for specific culinary uses, contributing to its global importance in agriculture and food production.