The Theban King refers to the rulers of the ancient city of Thebes in Greece. Thebes was a significant city-state known for its military power and rivalry with Athens and Sparta. The Theban Kings played crucial roles in various historical events, including the Battle of Leuctra, where they defeated the Spartans in 371 BCE. In Egypt, the term "Theban King" can also refer to the pharaohs who ruled from Thebes, an important religious and political center. Thebes in Egypt was home to famous temples, such as Karnak and Luxor, and served as a burial site for many pharaohs in the Valley of the Kings.