Pharaoh Ramses II, also known as Ramses the Great, ruled ancient Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BCE. He is often regarded as one of the most powerful and influential pharaohs in Egyptian history. His reign lasted 66 years, during which he led military campaigns, expanded the empire, and initiated extensive building projects, including the famous Abu Simbel temples. Ramses II is also known for signing the first recorded peace treaty in history with the Hittites after the Battle of Kadesh. His legacy includes numerous monuments and statues, showcasing his achievements and divine status, which contributed to the cultural richness of ancient Egypt.