Perinatal brain injury refers to damage to the brain that occurs around the time of birth, typically during the late stages of pregnancy, labor, or shortly after delivery. This condition can result from various factors, including lack of oxygen (hypoxia), infections, or trauma. The severity of the injury can vary, leading to different outcomes for affected infants. Common types of perinatal brain injury include cerebral palsy, periventricular leukomalacia, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. These conditions can impact motor skills, cognitive development, and overall quality of life. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving long-term outcomes for affected children.