Perinatal conditions refer to health issues that affect a baby during the perinatal period, which spans from the 20th week of pregnancy until the first week after birth. These conditions can include complications such as low birth weight, prematurity, and birth defects. They can arise from various factors, including maternal health, environmental influences, and genetic predispositions. Proper prenatal care is essential for reducing the risk of perinatal conditions. Regular check-ups, a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful substances can help ensure a healthier pregnancy. Early detection and intervention can improve outcomes for both the mother and the baby, promoting better overall health during this critical time.