The Kingdom of Judea was an ancient kingdom located in the southern part of the region known as Israel. It emerged after the division of the united monarchy of Israel and Judah around 931 BCE. The kingdom was known for its capital, Jerusalem, which housed the First Temple, a significant religious site for the Hebrew people. Judea experienced various periods of independence and foreign rule, including domination by the Babylonians and later the Romans. The kingdom played a crucial role in the history of Judaism and is often associated with significant biblical events and figures, including King David and King Solomon.