Herod the Great was a Roman client king of Judea, known for his ambitious building projects and efforts to expand his kingdom. He ruled from 37 BCE until his death in 4 BCE and is famous for constructing the Second Temple in Jerusalem, which became a central place of worship for the Jewish people. His reign was marked by significant architectural achievements, including the fortress at Masada and the port city of Caesarea Maritima. Despite his accomplishments, Herod's rule was also characterized by political intrigue and brutality. He is often remembered for his harsh treatment of perceived enemies, including the execution of several family members. His reign ended with his death, leading to the division of his kingdom among his sons, which set the stage for further conflict in the region.