The Babylonians were an ancient civilization that thrived in Mesopotamia, particularly in the region around the city of Babylon. They are known for their contributions to law, astronomy, and literature, with the famous Code of Hammurabi being one of their most significant achievements. This code established some of the earliest known legal principles. Babylonian society was marked by advancements in mathematics and architecture, exemplified by the construction of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Their rich mythology and religious practices also played a crucial role in shaping their culture and influence in the ancient world.