Japanese periods refer to the historical divisions of Japan's history, often categorized by significant political, social, and cultural changes. These periods include the Jomon (14,000–300 BCE), known for its pottery, and the Heian (794–1185), famous for its art and literature, including the work of Murasaki Shikibu. The Edo period (1603–1868) marked a time of peace and isolation under the Tokugawa shogunate, leading to the development of unique cultural practices. Following this, the Meiji period (1868–1912) initiated modernization and westernization, transforming Japan into a global power. Each period reflects the evolution of Japanese society and its values.