Edo was the former name of Tokyo, the capital city of Japan. It served as the center of political power during the Edo period, which lasted from 1603 to 1868. This era was marked by the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate, a feudal regime that established a long period of peace and stability known as the Pax Tokugawa. During the Edo period, the city grew rapidly, becoming one of the largest urban centers in the world. Edo was known for its vibrant culture, including kabuki theater, ukiyo-e woodblock prints, and a thriving merchant class. The city's layout featured a complex network of streets, canals, and gardens, reflecting the era's architectural and artistic achievements.