The HPV test is a medical screening used to detect the presence of the human papillomavirus, a common sexually transmitted infection. This test is primarily recommended for women, as certain types of HPV can lead to cervical cancer. It can be performed alongside a Pap smear, which checks for abnormal cells in the cervix. The test involves collecting a sample of cells from the cervix during a pelvic exam. If the HPV test is positive, further monitoring or treatment may be necessary. Regular screening is important for early detection and prevention of potential health issues related to HPV.