A Pap smear is a medical test used to screen for cervical cancer in women. During the procedure, a healthcare provider collects cells from the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus. These cells are then examined under a microscope to check for any abnormalities that could indicate cancer or precancerous conditions. The Pap smear is typically recommended for women starting at age 21 and is usually performed every three years, or every five years if combined with HPV testing. Early detection through this test can significantly improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of cervical cancer.