古中国, or Ancient China, refers to the early civilizations that developed along the Yellow River and Yangtze River. This period is marked by significant dynasties such as the Shang and Zhou, which contributed to advancements in agriculture, writing, and governance. The invention of paper and the compass are notable achievements from this era. The culture of 古中国 was rich and diverse, with philosophies like Confucianism and Daoism shaping social values and ethics. The Great Wall and the Terracotta Army are iconic symbols of this ancient civilization, reflecting its architectural and artistic prowess.