The Zhou dynasty was a significant period in ancient Chinese history, lasting from around 1046 to 256 BCE. It is known for its long duration and the development of Chinese culture, philosophy, and governance. The dynasty is divided into two main periods: the Western Zhou, which was marked by strong centralized power, and the Eastern Zhou, characterized by political fragmentation and the rise of various states. During the Zhou dynasty, important philosophical schools emerged, including Confucianism and Daoism. These teachings greatly influenced Chinese society and values. The Zhou also introduced the concept of the "Mandate of Heaven," which justified the ruler's authority and became a key principle in Chinese political thought for centuries.