Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is a synthetic crystalline material composed of yttrium, aluminum, and oxygen. It is commonly used in various applications, including lasers, where it serves as a solid-state laser medium. YAG crystals can be doped with other elements, such as neodymium or erbium, to enhance their optical properties. YAG is known for its durability and high melting point, making it suitable for high-temperature applications. Additionally, it has excellent optical clarity and is often used in optical devices, scintillators, and as a substrate for semiconductors. Its versatility makes it a valuable material in both industrial and scientific fields.