Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is a synthetic crystalline material composed of yttrium, aluminum, and oxygen. It is commonly used in various applications, including lasers, where it serves as a solid-state laser medium. YAG crystals can be doped with other elements, such as neodymium or erbium, to enhance their optical properties and efficiency. In addition to laser technology, YAG is utilized in the production of high-performance optics and as a gemstone in jewelry. Its durability and ability to withstand high temperatures make it suitable for industrial applications, including cutting and welding processes.