Neodymium is a chemical element with the symbol Nd and atomic number 60. It is a rare earth metal that is silvery-white in color and is known for its magnetic properties. Neodymium is primarily used in the production of strong permanent magnets, which are essential in various applications, including electric motors, headphones, and hard disk drives. Discovered in 1885 by Carl Auer von Welsbach, neodymium is typically found in minerals such as monazite and bastnäsite. It is often extracted through a process called solvent extraction. Neodymium compounds are also used in glass and ceramics to create vibrant colors and improve durability.