Thiazide diuretics are a class of medications commonly used to treat high blood pressure and fluid retention. They work by helping the kidneys remove excess sodium and water from the body, which reduces blood volume and lowers blood pressure. This makes them effective in managing conditions like hypertension and edema. These medications are often prescribed as a first-line treatment for high blood pressure due to their effectiveness and relatively low side effects. Common examples of thiazide diuretics include hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone. Patients taking these medications may need regular monitoring of their electrolyte levels to ensure safety and effectiveness.