Diuretics are medications that help the body eliminate excess fluid by increasing urine production. They are often prescribed to treat conditions such as high blood pressure, heart failure, and edema, which is swelling caused by fluid retention. By promoting the removal of sodium and water from the body, diuretics can help reduce blood volume and lower blood pressure. There are different types of diuretics, including thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, and potassium-sparing diuretics. Each type works in a specific way and may be used for different medical conditions. While diuretics can be effective, they may also lead to side effects, such as dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, so monitoring by a healthcare provider is important.