Potassium-sparing diuretics are a class of medications that help the body eliminate excess fluid while retaining potassium. Unlike other diuretics, they do not cause significant loss of potassium, which is essential for heart and muscle function. These medications are often used to treat conditions like hypertension and edema. Common examples of potassium-sparing diuretics include spironolactone and eplerenone. They work by blocking the action of the hormone aldosterone, which promotes sodium and water retention. By inhibiting this hormone, potassium-sparing diuretics help maintain potassium levels while promoting the excretion of sodium and water.