The periodontium refers to the specialized tissues that surround and support the teeth. It includes the gingiva (gums), periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. These components work together to anchor the teeth in place and maintain their stability within the jaw. Healthy periodontium is essential for overall oral health, as it helps prevent periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss and other complications. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing and flossing, are important for maintaining the health of the periodontium and ensuring the longevity of the teeth.