Nepetalactone is a natural compound found in the leaves and stems of the catnip plant, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria. It is responsible for the characteristic behavior changes observed in some cats when they come into contact with catnip. This compound acts as a stimulant, causing cats to exhibit playful and euphoric behaviors. In addition to its effects on cats, nepetalactone has been studied for its potential insect-repelling properties. It may serve as a natural alternative to synthetic insecticides, as it can deter pests like mosquitoes and cockroaches. Its unique chemical structure contributes to its various biological activities.