"Jeolojik" refers to the study of the Earth's structure, composition, and processes over time. This field, known as geology, examines rocks, minerals, and fossils to understand how the planet has changed. Geologists analyze layers of soil and rock to uncover the history of the Earth, including events like volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. The discipline also explores the formation of natural resources, such as oil, coal, and minerals, which are essential for human use. By studying these elements, geologists can predict natural disasters and assess environmental impacts, contributing to fields like environmental science and civil engineering.