Geophysical measurements are techniques used to study the physical properties of the Earth. These measurements can include data on gravity, magnetic fields, seismic activity, and electrical conductivity. Scientists use these methods to understand the Earth's structure, locate natural resources, and assess geological hazards. Common tools for geophysical measurements include seismometers for detecting earthquakes, magnetometers for measuring magnetic fields, and gravimeters for assessing gravitational variations. By analyzing this data, researchers can gain insights into processes like plate tectonics, mineral deposits, and groundwater movement, contributing to fields such as geology, environmental science, and engineering.