Magnetometry is the scientific technique used to measure magnetic fields. It involves detecting and analyzing the strength and direction of magnetic forces in various materials or environments. This method is essential in fields like geology, archaeology, and engineering, where understanding magnetic properties can reveal important information about the Earth's structure or historical artifacts. In magnetometry, instruments called magnetometers are employed to capture data. These devices can be handheld or mounted on vehicles, and they help identify anomalies in magnetic fields. Applications include locating buried artifacts, studying volcanic activity, and assessing mineral deposits.