Geological studies involve the examination of the Earth's structure, materials, processes, and history. Scientists, known as geologists, analyze rocks, minerals, and fossils to understand how the Earth has changed over time. This research helps us learn about natural resources, such as minerals and oil, and assess natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. These studies often include fieldwork, where geologists collect samples and observe geological formations. They also use tools like satellite imagery and geophysical methods to gather data. The findings from geological studies are essential for environmental management, urban planning, and understanding climate change impacts.