Geologists are scientists who study the Earth, its materials, and the processes that shape it over time. They examine rocks, minerals, and fossils to understand the planet's history and structure. By analyzing these elements, geologists can provide insights into natural resources, such as oil, gas, and minerals, as well as natural hazards like earthquakes and volcanoes. Geologists often work in the field, collecting samples and conducting surveys, but they also use laboratory techniques and computer models to analyze data. Their work is essential for environmental protection, land use planning, and understanding climate change, making them vital to both science and society.