Geological mapping is the process of creating detailed representations of the Earth's surface and subsurface features. This involves identifying and documenting various rock types, soil characteristics, and geological structures such as faults and folds. Maps are often produced using field surveys, satellite imagery, and aerial photography, providing valuable information for understanding the Earth's history and resources. These maps are essential for various applications, including mineral exploration, land-use planning, and environmental management. By analyzing geological maps, scientists and engineers can assess natural hazards, locate resources like water and minerals, and make informed decisions about construction and land development.