The cerebral aqueduct is a narrow channel located in the brain that connects the third and fourth ventricles. It plays a crucial role in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, which cushions the brain and helps maintain its chemical environment. This structure is part of the brainstem and is situated within the midbrain. Blockages in the cerebral aqueduct can lead to conditions such as hydrocephalus, where excess fluid accumulates in the brain, potentially causing increased pressure and other neurological issues.