The Unification of Italy, known as Risorgimento, was a political and social movement in the 19th century that aimed to consolidate various independent states and territories into a single nation. Key figures in this process included Giuseppe Garibaldi, Count Camillo di Cavour, and King Victor Emmanuel II. The movement gained momentum through wars, diplomacy, and popular uprisings, ultimately leading to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The unification process involved several key events, such as the Second Italian War of Independence in 1859 and the annexation of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1860. By 1871, the unification was largely complete with the capture of Rome, which became the capital of the new nation. The Unification of Italy significantly shaped the country's political landscape and identity.