Throughout history, human societies have evolved through various stages, from ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Mesopotamians to modern nations. Key developments, such as the invention of writing, the wheel, and agriculture, have significantly shaped cultures and economies, allowing for the growth of cities and trade. Major events, including the Renaissance, the Industrial Revolution, and the two World Wars, have transformed political landscapes and social structures. Innovations in technology and communication have connected people globally, influencing art, science, and philosophy, while historical figures like Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. have inspired movements for change and justice.