The Mesopotamians were an ancient civilization that lived in the region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, in what is now modern-day Iraq. They are known for being one of the first societies to develop writing, known as cuneiform, which allowed them to keep records and communicate ideas. Their culture included advancements in agriculture, mathematics, and astronomy, which laid the groundwork for future civilizations. The Mesopotamians built impressive cities like Babylon and Ur, featuring grand temples and ziggurats. They practiced polytheism, worshipping many gods, and their mythology included famous stories like the Epic of Gilgamesh. Their contributions to law, such as the Code of Hammurabi, have influenced societies