Swiss politics is characterized by a unique system of direct democracy, where citizens have the power to influence legislation through referendums and initiatives. The country operates under a federal structure, dividing authority between the national government and 26 cantons, each with its own constitution and government. The Federal Assembly is Switzerland's national legislature, consisting of two chambers: the National Council and the Council of States. The Federal Council, a seven-member executive body, serves as the collective head of state and government, ensuring a balance of power among different political parties and promoting consensus-driven decision-making.