Retinal conditions refer to various disorders that affect the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Common conditions include age-related macular degeneration, which can lead to vision loss in older adults, and diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that damages blood vessels in the retina. Other retinal issues include retinal detachment, where the retina pulls away from its underlying tissue, and retinitis pigmentosa, a genetic disorder that causes progressive vision loss. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing these conditions and preserving vision.