Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes-related eye condition that affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. High blood sugar levels can damage these vessels, leading to leakage, swelling, or the growth of new, abnormal vessels. This can result in vision problems and, if untreated, may lead to blindness. Early stages of diabetic retinopathy often have no symptoms, making regular eye exams essential for those with diabetes. Treatment options include laser therapy, injections, and surgery, aimed at preventing further vision loss and managing the condition effectively.