Ptolemy V Epiphanes was a ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, reigning from 204 to 180 BCE. He ascended to the throne at a young age after the death of his father, Ptolemy IV Philopator. His reign was marked by internal strife and external threats, including conflicts with the Seleucid Empire. Ptolemy V is best known for the Rosetta Stone, which was inscribed during his reign. This artifact played a crucial role in deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs. His efforts to stabilize the kingdom included land reforms and attempts to strengthen the economy, although his reign faced significant challenges.