Cleopatra VII was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, reigning from 51 to 30 BCE. She was known for her intelligence, political acumen, and ability to speak multiple languages. Cleopatra sought to restore Egypt's power and influence during a time of political turmoil. She is famously associated with her relationships with prominent Roman leaders, including Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Cleopatra's reign ended with her defeat by Octavian, leading to her tragic death and the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire. Her legacy continues to captivate historians and the public alike.