The Ptolemaic Kingdom was an ancient Greek state in Egypt that lasted from 305 BC to 30 BC. It was founded by Ptolemy I, a general of Alexander the Great, after Alexander's empire fell apart. The kingdom is known for its rich culture, blending Greek and Egyptian traditions, and for its famous city, Alexandria, which became a center of learning and trade. The Ptolemaic rulers, including the well-known Cleopatra VII, were known for their efforts to maintain power and influence in the region. They built impressive monuments, such as the Pharos of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The kingdom eventually fell to the Roman Empire, marking the end of Hellenistic rule