The "Proclamation of the Republic" refers to the declaration that established the Portuguese Republic on October 5, 1910. This event marked the end of the Monarchy in Portugal, which had been ruled by the Braganza dynasty. The proclamation was the result of growing discontent with the monarchy and demands for political reform. Following the proclamation, a provisional government was formed, leading to significant changes in Portuguese society and politics. The new republic aimed to promote democracy, secularism, and social progress. However, it faced numerous challenges, including political instability and economic difficulties, throughout its early years.